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   <image:caption>CFD Consulting - Flue Gas Dispersion of Toxic Gases by Prevailing Wind Patterns - Predictive Engineering Portland Oregon USA</image:caption>
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   <image:caption>3D CFD plume of toxic gas dispersing from a flue stack</image:caption>
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   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/case-studies/co-concentration-recovery-boiler.jpg</image:loc>
   <image:title>CO concentration sections in a recovery boiler</image:title>
   <image:caption>CO concentration sections in a recovery boiler</image:caption>
  </image:image>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/case-studies/flame-particle-tracing-recovery-boiler.jpg</image:loc>
   <image:title>Flame and fuel particle tracks in a recovery boiler</image:title>
   <image:caption>Flame and fuel particle tracks in a recovery boiler</image:caption>
  </image:image>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/figure_5_-_cfd_simulation_of_generator_exhaust_blowing_over_data_center_hvac_inlets_-_clean_air_control_-_predictive_engineering_cfd_consultants.png</image:loc>
   <image:title>CFD streamlines of backup generator exhaust over data center HVAC equipment</image:title>
   <image:caption>CFD streamlines of backup generator exhaust over data center HVAC equipment</image:caption>
  </image:image>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/figure_6_-_predictive_engineering_cfd_and_fea_engineering_services_-_portland_oregon_usa.png</image:loc>
   <image:title>Figure 6 - Predictive Engineering CFD and FEA Engineering Services - Portland Oregon USA</image:title>
   <image:caption>Predictive Engineering CFD and FEA Engineering Services - Portland Oregon USA</image:caption>
  </image:image>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/figure_1_-_cfd_simulation_of_emergency_generator_exhaust_plume_for_medical_facility.png</image:loc>
   <image:title>Figure 1 - CFD Simulation of Emergency Generator Exhaust Plume for Medical Facility</image:title>
   <image:caption>CFD Simulation of Emergency Generator Exhaust Plume for Medical Facility - CFD Consultants - Predictive Engineering</image:caption>
  </image:image>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/figure_2_-_cfd_simulation_of_sediment_flow_within_dredging_system_-_predictive_engineering_cfd_services.png</image:loc>
   <image:title>Figure 2 - CFD Simulation of Sediment Flow within Dredging System</image:title>
   <image:caption>CFD Simulation of Sediment Flow within Dredging System - Predictive Engineering CFD Services</image:caption>
  </image:image>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/figure_3_-_cfd_consulting_-_flue_gas_dispersion_of_toxic_gases_by_prevailing_wind_patterns.png</image:loc>
   <image:title>Figure 3 - CFD Consulting - Flue Gas Dispersion of Toxic Gases by Prevailing Wind Patterns</image:title>
   <image:caption>CFD Consulting - Flue Gas Dispersion of Toxic Gases by Prevailing Wind Patterns - Predictive Engineering Portland Oregon USA</image:caption>
  </image:image>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/figure_4_-_combustion_boiler_recovery_cfd_simulation_ash_content_and_particulate_generation_-_cfd_services.png</image:loc>
   <image:title>Figure 4 - Combustion Boiler Recovery CFD Simulation Ash Content and Particulate Generation - CFD Services</image:title>
   <image:caption>Combustion Boiler Recovery CFD Simulation Ash Content and Particulate Generation - CFD Services</image:caption>
  </image:image>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/figure_5_-_cfd_simulation_of_generator_exhaust_blowing_over_data_center_hvac_inlets_-_clean_air_control_-_predictive_engineering_cfd_consultants.png</image:loc>
   <image:title>Figure 5 - CFD Simulation of Generator Exhaust Blowing Over Data Center HVAC Inlets - Clean Air Control - Predictive Engineering CFD Consultants</image:title>
   <image:caption>CFD Simulation of Generator Exhaust Blowing Over Data Center HVAC Inlets - Clean Air Control - Predictive Engineering CFD Consultants</image:caption>
  </image:image>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/figure_6_-_predictive_engineering_cfd_and_fea_engineering_services_-_portland_oregon_usa.png</image:loc>
   <image:title>Figure 6 - Predictive Engineering CFD and FEA Engineering Services - Portland Oregon USA</image:title>
   <image:caption>Predictive Engineering CFD and FEA Engineering Services - Portland Oregon USA</image:caption>
  </image:image>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/cfd_engineering_services_-_generator_exhaust_gas_simulation_and_data_centers.png</image:loc>
   <image:caption>Predictive Engineering CFD Consultants - CFD Dispersion and Particulate Modeling for Clean Air and COVID-19 Virus Dispersion and Tracking</image:caption>
  </image:image>
 </url>
 <url>
  <loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/consulting/fea/vertical-turbine-pump-vibration-and-stress-analysis-submerged-structures-asce-4-98</loc>
  <lastmod>2026-06-05T19:04:39-04:00</lastmod>
  <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
  <priority>0.6</priority>
 </url>
 <url>
  <loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/consulting/fea/norton-motorcycle-crankcase-analysis</loc>
  <lastmod>2026-11-09T14:02:26-05:00</lastmod>
  <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
  <priority>0.6</priority>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/Slide1_7.png</image:loc>
   <image:title>Figure 1: Norton Motorcycle Rides Again - Crankcase integrity analysis</image:title>
   <image:caption>Norton motorcycle engine cover and rear view, crankcase FEA case study</image:caption>
  </image:image>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/case-studies/Norton-Motorcycles%E2%80%93FEA-Simulation-Crankcase-Integrity.jpg</image:loc>
   <image:title>Figure 2: Finite element mesh of a Norton motorcycle aluminum engine crankcase, 270,000 nodes</image:title>
   <image:caption>Finite element mesh of a Norton motorcycle aluminum engine crankcase, 270,000 nodes</image:caption>
  </image:image>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/case-studies/Model-of-Norton-Engine-Crankcase%2Bbeam-elements.jpg</image:loc>
   <image:title>Figure 1: Motorcycle crankcase finite element model with shaft beam idealization and cylinder plate</image:title>
   <image:caption>Interior view of crankcase FEA model showing beam elements for crankshaft and transmission shafts</image:caption>
  </image:image>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/case-studies/Model-of-Norton-Engine-Crankcase-bolts-elements.jpg</image:loc>
   <image:title>Figure 2: Crankcase FEA model with blue rigid links connecting simulated bolts to tetrahedral mesh</image:title>
   <image:caption>Crankcase FEA model with blue rigid links connecting simulated bolts to tetrahedral mesh</image:caption>
  </image:image>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/Slide3_7.png</image:loc>
   <image:title>Figure 3: Norton Crankcase FEA model built using Femap and analyzed with NX Nastran</image:title>
   <image:caption>Norton Crankcase FEA model built using Femap and analyzed with Simcenter Nastran - FEA Services</image:caption>
  </image:image>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/case-studies/Norton-Engine-Crankcase-oil-sealing.jpg</image:loc>
   <image:title>Figure 2: Gap element contact force around the crankcase bolt pattern, checking oil seal integrity</image:title>
   <image:caption>Gap element contact force around the crankcase bolt pattern, checking oil seal integrity</image:caption>
  </image:image>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/Slide4_7.png</image:loc>
   <image:title>Figure 1: FEA stress around main and transmission bearing bores in an aluminum crankcase</image:title>
   <image:caption>FEA stress around main and transmission bearing bores in an aluminum crankcase</image:caption>
  </image:image>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/case-studies/Norton-Engine-Crankcase-stress-results-outer.jpg</image:loc>
   <image:title>Figure 3: Stress contour plot of a motorcycle engine crankcase under load, NX Nastran FEA</image:title>
   <image:caption>Stress contour plot of a motorcycle engine crankcase under load, NX Nastran FEA</image:caption>
  </image:image>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/Slide1_7.png</image:loc>
   <image:title>Figure 1: Norton Motorcycle Rides Again</image:title>
   <image:caption>Norton Motorcycles - FEA Simulation of Crankcase Integrity and Vibration - FEA Services - Predictive Engineering, Portland, Oregon</image:caption>
  </image:image>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/Slide2_8.png</image:loc>
   <image:title>Figure 2: Femap model of Norton Engine Crankcase</image:title>
   <image:caption>Model of Norton Engine Crankcase - FEA Consulting Engineers</image:caption>
  </image:image>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/Slide3_7.png</image:loc>
   <image:title>Figure 3: Norton Crankcase FEA model built using Femap and analyzed with NX Nastran</image:title>
   <image:caption>Norton Crankcase FEA model built using Femap and analyzed with Simcenter Nastran - FEA Services</image:caption>
  </image:image>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/Slide4_7.png</image:loc>
   <image:title>Figure 5: FEA crankcase model with 270k nodes and 144k elements</image:title>
   <image:caption>FEA model of Norton crankcase for oil sealing efficiency (no leaks) - Finite Element Analysis Engine Oil Seals</image:caption>
  </image:image>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/Femap11.1Banner_986Banner.jpg</image:loc>
   <image:caption>Predictive Engineering and Femap - Norton Crankcase Analysis - FEA Engine Consulting Services</image:caption>
  </image:image>
 </url>
 <url>
  <loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/consulting/fea/nasa-5020a-requirements-threaded-fastening-systems-spaceflight-hardware</loc>
  <lastmod>2026-11-07T17:14:38-05:00</lastmod>
  <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
  <priority>0.6</priority>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/figure_1_-_summary_of_nasa_5020a_-_use_lots_of_shear_pins_and_low_bolt_preload_if_possible_-_fea_consulting_services_-_portland.png</image:loc>
   <image:title>Figure 1 - Summary of NASA 5020A - Use Lots of Shear Pins and Low Bolt Preload (If Possible) </image:title>
   <image:caption>Summary of NASA 5020A - Use Lots of Shear Pins and Low Bolt Preload (If Possible) </image:caption>
  </image:image>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/case-studies/Bolt-tensile-load%2Bapplied-tensile-load-nasa-5020A-bolt-preload.jpg</image:loc>
   <image:title>Figure 1: NASA 5020A Figure 7: predicting the bolt load factor nφ from finite element analysis</image:title>
   <image:caption>NASA 5020A Figure 7: predicting the bolt load factor nφ from finite element analysis</image:caption>
  </image:image>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/case-studies/FEA-Model-fastener-under-preload-bolted-joint-.jpg</image:loc>
   <image:title>Figure 2: FEA section of a bolted joint showing von Mises stress contours in the fastener under preload</image:title>
   <image:caption>FEA section of a bolted joint showing von Mises stress contours in the fastener under preload</image:caption>
  </image:image>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/case-studies/Nonlinear-FEA-graph-of-bolt-preload-force-versus.jpg</image:loc>
   <image:title>Figure 3: Bolt preload and applied load curves in newtons from nonlinear fastener analysis</image:title>
   <image:caption>Bolt preload and applied load curves in newtons from nonlinear fastener analysis</image:caption>
  </image:image>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/figure_2_-_summary_of_nasa_5020a_-_there_is_no_simple_path_just_hard_calcs_-_fea_services.png</image:loc>
   <image:title>Figure 1 - Summary of NASA 5020A - There is no Simple Path just Hard Calcs - FEA Services - Predictive Engineering</image:title>
   <image:caption>Summary of NASA 5020A - There is no Simple Path just Hard Calcs - FEA Services</image:caption>
  </image:image>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/case-studies/NASA-5020A-bolt-preload-range-fastener-size.jpg</image:loc>
   <image:title>Figure 2: NASA 5020A bolt preload range by fastener size, in newtons</image:title>
   <image:caption>Bar chart of minimum and maximum bolt preload for 4-40, 8-32, 10-32 and 1/4-20 fasteners</image:caption>
  </image:image>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/case-studies/bolt-preload-min-max-formulas-using-factor-c.jpg</image:loc>
   <image:title>Figure 3: Bolt preload min/max formulas using installation factor c and preload variation</image:title>
   <image:caption>NASA 5020A equations 1–4 for maximum and minimum bolt preload with preload variation Γ</image:caption>
  </image:image>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/figure_3_-_nasa_5020a_-_trial_calculations_-_bolt_preload_-_it_is_all_an_engineering_estimation_-_fea_ls-dyna_nastran_services.png</image:loc>
   <image:title>Figure 3 - NASA 5020A - Trial Calculations - Bolt Preload - It is All An Engineering Estimation - FEA LS-DYNA NASTRAN ITAR Services</image:title>
   <image:caption>NASA 5020A - Trial Calculations - Bolt Preload - It is All An Engineering Estimation - FEA LS-DYNA NASTRAN Services - ITAR Registered Consultants</image:caption>
  </image:image>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/figure_4_-_nasa_5020a_-_trial_calculations_-_bolt_factor_estimation_-_fea_engineering_services_portland_oregon_usa.png</image:loc>
   <image:title>Figure 1 - NASA 5020A - Trial Calculations - Bolt Factor Estimation - FEA Engineering Services Portland Oregon USA</image:title>
   <image:caption>NASA 5020A - Trial Calculations - Bolt Factor Estimation - FEA Engineering Services Portland Oregon USA</image:caption>
  </image:image>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/case-studies/bolted-joint-stress-finite-element-model-and-nonlinear.jpg</image:loc>
   <image:title>Figure 2: Bolted joint finite element model and Bolted joint stress after external load application in nonlinear FEA</image:title>
   <image:caption>Bolted joint finite element model and Bolted joint stress after external load application in nonlinear FEA</image:caption>
  </image:image>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/case-studies/bolt-factor-diagram-ultimate-design-loads.jpg</image:loc>
   <image:title>Figure 3: Bolt factor equations from NASA 5020A Section 4.4.1, ultimate design loads</image:title>
   <image:caption>Bolt factor equations from NASA 5020A Section 4.4.1, ultimate design loads</image:caption>
  </image:image>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/figure_5_-_nasa_5020a_-_example_calculation_-_margin_of_safety_-_fea_spaceflight_engineering_consultants.png</image:loc>
   <image:title>Figure 5 - NASA 5020A - Example Calculation - Margin of Safety - FEA Spaceflight Engineering Consultants</image:title>
   <image:caption>NASA 5020A - Example Calculation - Margin of Safety - FEA Spaceflight Engineering Consultants</image:caption>
  </image:image>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/figure_6_-_nasa_5020a_-_shear_pin_considerations_-_shear_and_bearing_loads_-_finte_element_analysis_engineering_consultants.png</image:loc>
   <image:title>Figure 1 - NASA 5020A - Shear Pin Considerations - Shear and Bearing Loads - Finite Element Analysis </image:title>
   <image:caption>NASA 5020A - Shear Pin Considerations - Shear and Bearing Loads - Finite Element Analysis </image:caption>
  </image:image>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/case-studies/Shear-pin-bearing-analysis-stress-fea-mesh-under-load.jpg</image:loc>
   <image:title>Figure 2: Shear pin bearing analysis showing stress in potting and base, LS-DYNA</image:title>
   <image:caption>Nonlinear Stress around a shear pin and LS-DYNA section view of shear pin embedded in potting material with effective stress results</image:caption>
  </image:image>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/figure_7_-_mechanical_static_and_dynamic_and_thermal_analysis_of_spaceflight_hardware_-_predictive_engineering_fea_consulting_services.png</image:loc>
   <image:title>Figure 1 - Mechanical (Static and Dynamic) and Thermal Analysis of Spaceflight Hardware - Predictive Engineering FEA Consulting Services</image:title>
   <image:caption>Mechanical (Static and Dynamic) and Thermal Analysis of Spaceflight Hardware - Predictive Engineering FEA Consulting Services</image:caption>
  </image:image>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/case-studies/finite-element-analysis-model-satellite-and-ribbed-spaceflight-mounting.jpg</image:loc>
   <image:title>Figure 2: FEA stress result on satellite structure and finite element analysis of spaceflight with stress concentration</image:title>
   <image:caption>FEA stress result on satellite structure and finite element analysis of spaceflight with stress concentration</image:caption>
  </image:image>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/case-studies/space-telescope-tube-structure-and-cylindrical-spaceflight-housing-finite-element-analysis.jpg</image:loc>
   <image:title>Figure 3: Space telescope tube and cylindrical spaceflight housing stress finite element analysis</image:title>
   <image:caption>Space telescope tube and cylindrical spaceflight housing stress finite element analysis</image:caption>
  </image:image>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/case-studies/avionics-box-fea-model-static-dynamic-stress-and-spaceflight-housing-components.jpg</image:loc>
   <image:title>Figure 4: Electronics Enclosure avionics and Spaceflight housing FEA static and dynamics stress results</image:title>
   <image:caption>Electronics Enclosure avionics and Spaceflight housing FEA static and dynamics stress results</image:caption>
  </image:image>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/figure_1_-_summary_of_nasa_5020a_-_use_lots_of_shear_pins_and_low_bolt_preload_if_possible_-_fea_consulting_services_-_portland.png</image:loc>
   <image:title>Figure 1 - Summary of NASA 5020A - Use Lots of Shear Pins and Low Bolt Preload (If Possible) - FEA Consulting Services</image:title>
   <image:caption>Summary of NASA 5020A - Use Lots of Shear Pins and Low Bolt Preload (If Possible) - FEA Consulting Services - Portland</image:caption>
  </image:image>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/figure_2_-_summary_of_nasa_5020a_-_there_is_no_simple_path_just_hard_calcs_-_fea_services.png</image:loc>
   <image:title>Figure 2 - Summary of NASA 5020A - There is no Simple Path just Hard Calcs - FEA Services - Predictive Engineering</image:title>
   <image:caption>Summary of NASA 5020A - There is no Simple Path just Hard Calcs - FEA Services</image:caption>
  </image:image>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/figure_3_-_nasa_5020a_-_trial_calculations_-_bolt_preload_-_it_is_all_an_engineering_estimation_-_fea_ls-dyna_nastran_services.png</image:loc>
   <image:title>Figure 3 - NASA 5020A - Trial Calculations - Bolt Preload - It is All An Engineering Estimation - FEA LS-DYNA NASTRAN ITAR Services</image:title>
   <image:caption>NASA 5020A - Trial Calculations - Bolt Preload - It is All An Engineering Estimation - FEA LS-DYNA NASTRAN Services - ITAR Registered Consultants</image:caption>
  </image:image>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/figure_4_-_nasa_5020a_-_trial_calculations_-_bolt_factor_estimation_-_fea_engineering_services_portland_oregon_usa.png</image:loc>
   <image:title>Figure 4 - NASA 5020A - Trial Calculations - Bolt Factor Estimation - FEA Engineering Services Portland Oregon USA</image:title>
   <image:caption>NASA 5020A - Trial Calculations - Bolt Factor Estimation - FEA Engineering Services Portland Oregon USA</image:caption>
  </image:image>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/figure_5_-_nasa_5020a_-_example_calculation_-_margin_of_safety_-_fea_spaceflight_engineering_consultants.png</image:loc>
   <image:title>Figure 5 - NASA 5020A - Example Calculation - Margin of Safety - FEA Spaceflight Engineering Consultants</image:title>
   <image:caption>NASA 5020A - Example Calculation - Margin of Safety - FEA Spaceflight Engineering Consultants</image:caption>
  </image:image>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/figure_6_-_nasa_5020a_-_shear_pin_considerations_-_shear_and_bearing_loads_-_finte_element_analysis_engineering_consultants.png</image:loc>
   <image:title>Figure 6 - NASA 5020A - Shear Pin Considerations - Shear and Bearing Loads - Finte Element Analysis Engineering Consultants</image:title>
   <image:caption>NASA 5020A - Shear Pin Considerations - Shear and Bearing Loads - Finte Element Analysis Engineering Consultants</image:caption>
  </image:image>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/figure_7_-_mechanical_static_and_dynamic_and_thermal_analysis_of_spaceflight_hardware_-_predictive_engineering_fea_consulting_services.png</image:loc>
   <image:title>Figure 7 - Mechanical (Static and Dynamic) and Thermal Analysis of Spaceflight Hardware - Predictive Engineering FEA Consulting Services</image:title>
   <image:caption>Mechanical (Static and Dynamic) and Thermal Analysis of Spaceflight Hardware - Predictive Engineering FEA Consulting Services</image:caption>
  </image:image>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/fea_consulting_services_-_nasa_5020a_threaded_fasteners_in_spaceflight_hardware_-_predictive_engineering.png</image:loc>
   <image:caption>NASA 5020A FEA of Threaded Fastening Systems in Spaceflight Hardware - FEA Consultants</image:caption>
  </image:image>
 </url>
 <url>
  <loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/consulting/fea/sprocket-and-hub-bolt-analysis-slip-critical-mining-equipment</loc>
  <lastmod>2026-10-28T12:00:10-04:00</lastmod>
  <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
  <priority>0.6</priority>
 </url>
 <url>
  <loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/consulting/fea/vibration-analysis-engineered-structures-and-systems</loc>
  <lastmod>2026-11-07T09:28:03-05:00</lastmod>
  <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
  <priority>0.6</priority>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/case-studies/vibration-analysis-novel-vibrating-conveyor-system.jpg</image:loc>
   <image:title>Figure 1: Normal modes, frequency analysis and transient dynamic analysis were applied to the design of novel vibrating conveyor systems.</image:title>
   <image:caption>Normal modes, frequency analysis and transient dynamic analysis to the design of novel vibrating conveyor systems.</image:caption>
  </image:image>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/case-studies/vibration-analysis-novel-vibrating-conveyor-system-design.jpg</image:loc>
   <image:title>Figure 2: vibrating conveyor systems deisgn with transient dynamic analysis</image:title>
   <image:caption>vibrating conveyor systems deisgn with transient dynamic analysis</image:caption>
  </image:image>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/case-studies/vibration-analysis-cold-spinning-motor_0.jpg</image:loc>
   <image:title>Figure 1: Normal modes Analysis performed on driveshafts and cold-spining motor testers </image:title>
   <image:caption>Normal modes Analysis performed on driveshafts and cold-spining motor testers </image:caption>
  </image:image>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/case-studies/vibration-analysis-cold-spinning-motor-designs_0.jpg</image:loc>
   <image:title>Figure 2: New designs of driveshaft and cold-spinning motor testers with nomal modes analysis</image:title>
   <image:caption>New designs of driveshaft and cold-spinning motor testers with nomal modes analysis</image:caption>
  </image:image>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/case-studies/vibration-analysis-motor-designs_0.jpg</image:loc>
   <image:title>Figure 3: Cold-Spining motor tester and driveshaft analysis</image:title>
   <image:caption>Cold-Spining motor tester and driveshaft analysis</image:caption>
  </image:image>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/Slide3.jpg</image:loc>
   <image:title>Figure 3: Normal modes analysis using Femap and NX Nastran for a variety of electron microscope platens and holders</image:title>
   <image:caption>Normal modes analysis using Femap and NX Nastran for a variety of electron microscope platens and holders</image:caption>
  </image:image>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/case-studies/normal-modes-analysis-femap-nastran-scientific-components.jpg</image:loc>
   <image:title>Figure 1 : normal modes analysis femap and nastran on scientific components</image:title>
   <image:caption>normal modes analysis femap and nastran on scientific components</image:caption>
  </image:image>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/case-studies/normal-modes-analysis-femap-nastran-scientific-instruments.jpg</image:loc>
   <image:title>Figure 2: Normal modes analysis using Femap and NX Nastran for a variety of electron microscope platens and holders</image:title>
   <image:caption>Normal modes analysis using Femap and NX Nastran for a variety of electron microscope platens and holders</image:caption>
  </image:image>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/case-studies/scientific-components-instruments-femap-nxnastran.jpg</image:loc>
   <image:title>Figure 3: Electron microscope platens and holders anaylsis using Femap and NX nastran</image:title>
   <image:caption>Electron microscope platens and holders anaylsis using Femap and NX nastran</image:caption>
  </image:image>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/case-studies/Normal-modes-vibration-analysis-high-speed-manufacturing-line-equipment.jpg</image:loc>
   <image:title>Figure 1: normal modes and vibration analysis of high-speed manufacturing line equipment for optical scanners</image:title>
   <image:caption>normal modes and vibration analysis of high-speed manufacturing line equipment for optical scanners</image:caption>
  </image:image>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/case-studies/Normal-modes-vibration-analysis-high-speed-manufacturing-line-equipment-optical-scanners.jpg</image:loc>
   <image:title>Figure 2: opcical scanners high spees manufacturing line equipment vibration analysis</image:title>
   <image:caption>opcical scanners high spees manufacturing line equipment vibration analysis</image:caption>
  </image:image>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/Slide5.jpg</image:loc>
   <image:title>Figure 5: Aviation hardware presents special challenges due to an exacting and demanding service environment.  Normal modes and frequency sweep analysis work has been validated against shaker table work on several occasions. </image:title>
   <image:caption>Aviation hardware presents special challenges for vibration analysis due to an exacting and demanding service environment.  Normal modes and frequency sweep analysis work has been validated against shaker table work on several occasions. </image:caption>
  </image:image>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/case-studies/aviation-hardware-normal-modes-frequency-analysis.jpg</image:loc>
   <image:title>Figure 1: Aviation hardware vibration analysis, normal modes and frequency sweep.</image:title>
   <image:caption>Aviation hardware vibration analysis, normal modes and frequency sweep.</image:caption>
  </image:image>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/case-studies/normal-modes-analysis-airborn-optical-turret.jpg</image:loc>
   <image:title>Figure 2: Normal Modes analysis of a optical turret with thermal and drop-testing analysis</image:title>
   <image:caption>Normal Modes analysis of a optical turret with thermal and drop-testing analysis</image:caption>
  </image:image>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/case-studies/normal-modes-analysis-airborn-optical-turret-kaman-bearings-stiffness.jpg</image:loc>
   <image:title>Figure 2: Aviation hardware normal modes, vibration, drop-test and thermal analysis.</image:title>
   <image:caption>Aviation hardware normal modes, vibration, drop-test and thermal analysis.</image:caption>
  </image:image>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/Country_Coach.png</image:loc>
   <image:title>Figure 1: Normal modes analysis using Femap and NX Nastran verified that road noise was contributing to the vibration behavior of this motor home coach frame. </image:title>
   <image:caption>Normal modes analysis using Femap and NX Nastran verified that road noise was contributing to the vibration behavior of this motor home coach frame. </image:caption>
  </image:image>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/case-studies/Prep_3000_HP_Transmission-normal-modes-analysis.jpg</image:loc>
   <image:title>Figure 2: Structural and modal analysis optimization of a large 3,000 HP transmission for the oil and gas industry.  </image:title>
   <image:caption>Structural and modal analysis optimization of a large 3,000 HP transmission for the oil and gas industry.  </image:caption>
  </image:image>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/Slide1.jpg</image:loc>
   <image:title>Figure 1: Normal modes, frequency analysis and transient dynamic analysis were applied to the design of novel vibrating conveyor systems.</image:title>
   <image:caption>Normal modes, frequency analysis and transient dynamic analysis were applied to the design of novel vibrating conveyor systems.</image:caption>
  </image:image>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/Slide2.jpg</image:loc>
   <image:title>Figure 2: Normal modes analysis was performed on a series of driveshaft and cold-spinning motor testers.  Each model was blind benchmarked against experimental data and found to be within 4 to 8% of experimental data.  </image:title>
   <image:caption>Normal modes analysis was performed on a series of driveshaft and cold-spinning motor testers.  Each model was blind benchmarked against experimental data and found to be within 4 to 8% of experimental data.  </image:caption>
  </image:image>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/Slide3.jpg</image:loc>
   <image:title>Figure 3: Normal modes analysis using Femap and NX Nastran for a variety of electron microscope platens and holders</image:title>
   <image:caption>Normal modes analysis using Femap and NX Nastran for a variety of electron microscope platens and holders</image:caption>
  </image:image>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/Slide4.jpg</image:loc>
   <image:title>Figure 4: normal modes and vibration analysis of high-speed manufacturing line equipment for optical scanners</image:title>
   <image:caption>normal modes and vibration analysis of high-speed manufacturing line equipment for optical scanners</image:caption>
  </image:image>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/Slide5.jpg</image:loc>
   <image:title>Figure 5: Aviation hardware presents special challenges due to an exacting and demanding service environment.  Normal modes and frequency sweep analysis work has been validated against shaker table work on several occasions. </image:title>
   <image:caption>Aviation hardware presents special challenges for vibration analysis due to an exacting and demanding service environment.  Normal modes and frequency sweep analysis work has been validated against shaker table work on several occasions. </image:caption>
  </image:image>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/Country_Coach.png</image:loc>
   <image:title>Figure 6: Normal modes analysis using Femap and NX Nastran verified that road noise was contributing to the vibration behavior of this motor home coach frame. </image:title>
   <image:caption>Normal modes analysis using Femap and NX Nastran verified that road noise was contributing to the vibration behavior of this motor home coach frame. </image:caption>
  </image:image>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/Prep_3000_HP_Transmission_0.png</image:loc>
   <image:title>Figure 7: Structural and modal analysis optimization of a large 3,000 HP transmission for the oil and gas industry.  </image:title>
   <image:caption>Structural and modal analysis optimization of a large 3,000 HP transmission for the oil and gas industry.  </image:caption>
  </image:image>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/fea-01.jpg</image:loc>
   <image:caption>Optical Turret use for Sine-Sweep and PSD Analysis</image:caption>
  </image:image>
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 </url>
 <url>
  <loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/consulting/asme-bpvc/asme-bpvc-fatigue-analysis-part-55-protection-against-failure-cyclic-loading</loc>
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  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/figure_1_-_asme_fatigue_code_application_-_power_plants_hydroelectric_rotating_machinery.png</image:loc>
   <image:title>Figure 1 - ASME Fatigue Code Application – Power Plants, Hydroelectric, Rotating Machinery</image:title>
   <image:caption>ASME Fatigue Code Application – Power Plants, Hydroelectric, Rotating Machinery, Pressure Vessels, Piping, Predictive Engineering FEA Pressure Vessel Services</image:caption>
  </image:image>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/case-studies/hydroelectric-and-twin-screw-augers.jpg</image:loc>
   <image:title>ASME fatigue applied to hydroelectric rotating equipment and twin-screw augers</image:title>
   <image:caption>ASME fatigue applied to hydroelectric rotating equipment and twin-screw augers</image:caption>
  </image:image>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/figure_2_-_asme_part_5.5_-_fatigue_of_welded_structures_weld_surface_fatigue_reduction_factors.png</image:loc>
   <image:title>Figure 2 - ASME Part 5.5 - Fatigue of Welded Structures Weld Surface Fatigue Reduction Factors</image:title>
   <image:caption>ASME Part 5.5 - Fatigue of Welded Structures Weld Surface Fatigue Reduction Factors - Predictive Engineering ASME Div 1 and Div 2 Alternative Rules Consulting Engineers</image:caption>
  </image:image>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/case-studies/table-5-11-weld-surface-fsrf.jpg</image:loc>
   <image:title>SME Table 5.11 weld surface fatigue-strength-reduction factors</image:title>
   <image:caption>SME Table 5.11 weld surface fatigue-strength-reduction factors</image:caption>
  </image:image>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/case-studies/table-5-12-weld-surface-fsrf.jpg</image:loc>
   <image:title>ASME Table 5.12 FSRF by weld quality level</image:title>
   <image:caption>ASME Table 5.12 FSRF by weld quality level</image:caption>
  </image:image>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/case-studies/table-5-12-weld-surface-fsrf-contd.jpg</image:loc>
   <image:title>ASME Table 5.12 continued, quality levels 3 to 7</image:title>
   <image:caption>ASME Table 5.12 continued, quality levels 3 to 7</image:caption>
  </image:image>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/figure_3_-_weld_quality_levels_as-welded_4.0_to_machine_profiled_fully-inspected_1.0_.png</image:loc>
   <image:title>Figure 3 - Weld Quality Levels  As-Welded (4.0) to Machine Profiled, Fully-Inspected (1.0)</image:title>
   <image:caption>ASME Section VIII Design-by-Analysis Fatigue Classification Weld Quality Levels  As-Welded (4.0) to Machine Profiled, Fully-Inspected (1.0) - FEA Pressure Vessel Consulting Services</image:caption>
  </image:image>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/case-studies/as-welded-vs-machine-ground.jpg</image:loc>
   <image:title>Weld before and after: as-welded versus machine ground, tapered and fully inspected</image:title>
   <image:caption>Weld before and after: as-welded versus machine ground, tapered and fully inspected</image:caption>
  </image:image>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/figure_4_-_application_of_asme_fatigue_code_effective_total_equivalent_stress_amplitude.png</image:loc>
   <image:title>Figure 4 - Application of ASME Fatigue Code: Effective Total Equivalent Stress Amplitude</image:title>
   <image:caption>Application of ASME Fatigue Code: Effective Total Equivalent Stress Amplitude - Preditive Engineering, Portland, Oregon - ASME Section VIII Code Consultants</image:caption>
  </image:image>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/case-studies/elastic-stress-analysis-equivalent-stresses.jpg</image:loc>
   <image:title>Equivalent stress range equations and max/min principal stress envelope over 20 load sets</image:title>
   <image:caption>Equivalent stress range equations and max/min principal stress envelope over 20 load sets</image:caption>
  </image:image>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/figure_5_-_application_of_asme_fatigue_code_3-f.1_asme_smooth_bar_fatigue_curves.png</image:loc>
   <image:title>Figure 5 - Application of ASME Fatigue Code 3-F.1 ASME Smooth Bar Fatigue Curves</image:title>
   <image:caption> Application of ASME Section VIII, Division 2, Part 5.5 Protection Against Failure from Cyclic Loading Fatigue Code 3-F.1 ASME Smooth Bar Fatigue Curves - Predictive Engineering FEA Pressure Vessel and ASME Structures Consultants</image:caption>
  </image:image>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/case-studies/table-3-f1-fatigue-curve-coefficients.jpg</image:loc>
   <image:title>ASME Table 3-F.1 coefficients for fatigue curve 110.1</image:title>
   <image:caption>ASME Table 3-F.1 coefficients for fatigue curve 110.1</image:caption>
  </image:image>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/case-studies/alternative-effective-stress-vs-fatigue-cycles.jpg</image:loc>
   <image:title>ASME smooth bar S-N curve, stress versus fatigue cycles</image:title>
   <image:caption>ASME smooth bar S-N curve, stress versus fatigue cycles</image:caption>
  </image:image>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/case-studies/evaporator-duct.jpg</image:loc>
   <image:title>Von Mises stress on an industrial evaporator duct under vertical load</image:title>
   <image:caption>Von Mises stress on an industrial evaporator duct under vertical load</image:caption>
  </image:image>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/case-studies/vessel-internals-and-silo-structure.jpg</image:loc>
   <image:title>ASME fatigue FEA of a vessel with internals and a silo with ducting</image:title>
   <image:caption>ASME fatigue FEA of a vessel with internals and a silo with ducting</image:caption>
  </image:image>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/case-studies/cylindrical-tank-and-stiffened-vessel.jpg</image:loc>
   <image:title>Stress results on a cylindrical tank structure and a ring-stiffened vessel</image:title>
   <image:caption>Stress results on a cylindrical tank structure and a ring-stiffened vessel</image:caption>
  </image:image>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/case-studies/vessel-piping-and-flanged-connection.jpg</image:loc>
   <image:title>Pressure, thermal and weight stress on a vessel with piping and a flanged nozzle</image:title>
   <image:caption>Pressure, thermal and weight stress on a vessel with piping and a flanged nozzle</image:caption>
  </image:image>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/figure_1_-_asme_fatigue_code_application_-_power_plants_hydroelectric_rotating_machinery.png</image:loc>
   <image:title>Figure 1 - ASME Fatigue Code Application – Power Plants, Hydroelectric, Rotating Machinery</image:title>
   <image:caption>ASME Fatigue Code Application – Power Plants, Hydroelectric, Rotating Machinery, Pressure Vessels, Piping, Predictive Engineering FEA Pressure Vessel Services</image:caption>
  </image:image>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/figure_2_-_asme_part_5.5_-_fatigue_of_welded_structures_weld_surface_fatigue_reduction_factors.png</image:loc>
   <image:title>Figure 2 - ASME Part 5.5 - Fatigue of Welded Structures Weld Surface Fatigue Reduction Factors</image:title>
   <image:caption>ASME Part 5.5 - Fatigue of Welded Structures Weld Surface Fatigue Reduction Factors - Predictive Engineering ASME Div 1 and Div 2 Alternative Rules Consulting Engineers</image:caption>
  </image:image>
  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/figure_3_-_weld_quality_levels_as-welded_4.0_to_machine_profiled_fully-inspected_1.0_.png</image:loc>
   <image:title>Figure 3 - Weld Quality Levels  As-Welded (4.0) to Machine Profiled, Fully-Inspected (1.0)</image:title>
   <image:caption>ASME Section VIII Design-by-Analysis Fatigue Classification Weld Quality Levels  As-Welded (4.0) to Machine Profiled, Fully-Inspected (1.0) - FEA Pressure Vessel Consulting Services</image:caption>
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  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/figure_4_-_application_of_asme_fatigue_code_effective_total_equivalent_stress_amplitude.png</image:loc>
   <image:title>Figure 4 - Application of ASME Fatigue Code: Effective Total Equivalent Stress Amplitude</image:title>
   <image:caption>Application of ASME Fatigue Code: Effective Total Equivalent Stress Amplitude - Preditive Engineering, Portland, Oregon - ASME Section VIII Code Consultants</image:caption>
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  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/figure_5_-_application_of_asme_fatigue_code_3-f.1_asme_smooth_bar_fatigue_curves.png</image:loc>
   <image:title>Figure 5 - Application of ASME Fatigue Code 3-F.1 ASME Smooth Bar Fatigue Curves</image:title>
   <image:caption> Application of ASME Section VIII, Division 2, Part 5.5 Protection Against Failure from Cyclic Loading Fatigue Code 3-F.1 ASME Smooth Bar Fatigue Curves - Predictive Engineering FEA Pressure Vessel and ASME Structures Consultants</image:caption>
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   <image:title>Figure 6 - Application of ASME Fatigue Code More Than Just Boilers and Pressure Vessels</image:title>
   <image:caption>Application of ASME Section VIII, Division 2, Part 5 Fatigue Code More Than Just Boilers and Pressure Vessels - FEA ASME Services, Portland, Oregon, USA</image:caption>
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  <image:image>
   <image:loc>https://www.predictiveengineering.com/sites/default/files/effective_asme_fatigue_analysis_-_predictive_engineering_fea_consulting_services_portland_oregon.jpg</image:loc>
   <image:caption>Effective ASME Fatigue Analysis - Predictive Engineering FEA Consulting Services Portland Oregon Section VIII, Division 2</image:caption>
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